Ukutshala izithombo bekulokhu kuyinto eza kuqala ekuphathweni kokutshala imifino. Imifino inezinkinga eziningi ekutshalweni kwezithombo zendabuko, njengezinga eliphansi lezithombo eziqinile nezithombo ezifanayo, futhi amathileyi embewu angenza lokhu kushiyeka. Ake sifunde ngezindlela zobuchwepheshe zokutshala imifino kumathileyi ezithombo.
1. Ukukhetha amathileyi embewu
Usayizi wethreyi yembewu ngokuvamile u-54*28cm, kanti izincazelo ezivame ukusetshenziswa yizimbobo ezingu-32, izimbobo ezingu-72, izimbobo ezingu-105, izimbobo ezingu-128, izimbobo ezingu-288, njll. Khetha izincazelo ezahlukene zamathreyi embewu ngokuya ngobukhulu bezithombo zemifino. Kuzithombo ezinkulu, khetha amathreyi embewu anezimbobo ezimbalwa, kanti kuzithombo ezincane, khetha amathreyi embewu anezimbobo eziningi. Isibonelo: kuzithombo zikatamatisi ezinamahlamvu eqiniso angu-6-7, khetha izimbobo ezingu-72, kanti kutamatisi anamaqabunga eqiniso angu-4-5, khetha izimbobo ezingu-105 noma ezingu-128.
2. Ukubulala amagciwane kwithreyi yembewu
Ngaphandle kwamathileyi amasha asetshenziswe okokuqala, amathileyi amadala kumele ahlanzwe amagciwane ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusabalala kwamagciwane ngamathileyi ezitshalo ezincane. Kunezindlela eziningana zokubulala amagciwane. Enye iwukucwilisa ithileyi yezithombo ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate esingu-0.1% kuya ku-0.5% isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ama-4; eyesibili iwukufutha ithileyi yezithombo ngesisombululo se-formalin esingu-1% kuya ku-2%, bese uyimboza ngefilimu yepulasitiki bese uyifutha amahora angama-24; eyesithathu iwukucwilisa nge-10% yempuphu yokufiphaza imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20, bese ugeza ithileyi yezithombo ngamanzi ahlanzekile ukuze uyisebenzise.
3. Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela
Ukunqunywa kwesikhathi sokuhlwanyela ngokuvamile kusekelwe ezicini ezintathu zenhloso yokulima (ukuvuthwa kwasekuqaleni noma ikwindla ende), indlela yokulima (ukulima indawo noma ukulima umhlaba) kanye nezidingo zokushisa zokukhula kwemifino. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa cishe inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zemifino.
4. Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi enezakhamzimba
Inhlabathi enezakhamzimba ingathengwa njenge-substrate yezithombo esezilungisiwe, noma ingalungiswa nguwe ngokwefomula ye-peat: i-vermiculite: i-perlite = 2:1:1. Hlanganisa amagremu angu-200 e-50% ye-carbendazim impuphu emanzi emitha ngayinye yezakhamzimba ukuze kubulawe amagciwane futhi kubulawe amagciwane. Ukuxuba u-2.5kg womanyolo ohlanganisiwe we-phosphorus ephezulu kumitha ngayinye yemitha yezakhamzimba kuzosiza ekukhuleni nasekuqiniseni izithombo.
5. Ukuhlwanyela
Faka amanzi enhlabathini enezakhamzimba bese uvuselela kuze kube yilapho imanzi, bese ufaka i-substrate emanzi ethreyini bese uyilungisa ngenduku ende yokhuni. I-substrate efakiwe kufanele icindezelwe ukuze kube lula ukubeka imbewu. Ukucindezeleka kwembobo kungu-0.5-1cm. Faka imbewu emboziwe emigodini ngesandla, imbewu eyodwa ngomgodi ngamunye. Mboza ngenhlabathi eyomile enezakhamzimba, bese usebenzisa i-scraper ukuze uklwebhe kusukela komunye umkhawulo wethreyi yomgodi kuye komunye umkhawulo, ususe inhlabathi enezakhamzimba ezengeziwe, bese uyenza ilingane nethreyi yomgodi. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela, ithreyi yomgodi kufanele iniselwe ngesikhathi. Ukuhlola okubonakalayo ukubona amaconsi amanzi phansi kwethreyi yomgodi.
6. Ukuphathwa ngemva kokuhlwanyela
Imbewu idinga izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakama ngesikhathi sokuhluma. Izinga lokushisa ngokuvamile ligcinwa ku-32 ~ 35℃, kanye no-18 ~ 20℃ ebusuku. Akukho ukuchelela ngaphambi kokuhluma. Ngemva kokuhluma kuze kube amaqabunga angempela avulekayo, ukuchelela kufanele kwandiswe ngesikhathi ngokuya ngomswakama wenhlabathi wombhede wembewu, kushintshana phakathi komile nomanzi, futhi ukuchelela ngakunye kufanele kuniselwe kahle. Uma izinga lokushisa ku-greenhouse lidlula ku-35℃, kufanele kwenziwe umoya ukuze kuphole i-greenhouse, futhi ifilimu yomhlabathi kufanele isuswe ngesikhathi ukuze kugwenywe ukushiswa kwezithombo ngokushisa okuphezulu.
Amathileyi ezithombo zemifino angatshala ngempumelelo izithombo eziqinile, athuthukise ikhwalithi yezithombo zemifino, futhi andise izinzuzo zomnotho zokutshala imifino. I-Xi'an Yubo inikeza uhla oluphelele lwamathileyi embewu ukuze inikeze izinketho ezengeziwe zokutshala kwakho imifino.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-23-2024
